Acute Hyperkalemia and Hypertension in a 47-Year-Old Patient: Case Report

Abstract

The clinical case of a 47-year-old man residing in Abelardo Luz, Santa Catarina, Brazil, presents a picture of acute hyperkalemia and hypertension. Initially evaluated at the local health unit for symptoms of asthenia, headache, and palpitations starting at the age of 45, tests revealed peaked T waves on electrocardiogram, indicative of hyperkalemia, along with elevated creatinine and proteinuria on laboratory tests. The patient was referred to the Rogationist Evangelical Hospital for treatment. Intravenous insulin and 50% glucose administration were initiated to correct hyperkalemia, along with recommendations for rest and a hypokalemic diet. However, due to the family's decision to transfer the patient to another hospital, specific pharmacological management could not be completed. The primary diagnosis focuses on acute hyperkalemia, with evident renal implications due to elevated creatinine and presence of proteinuria. Hyperkalemia may explain the initial symptoms reported by the patient. It is essential to follow a comprehensive treatment plan that includes acute correction of hyperkalemia, blood pressure control, and continuous evaluation of renal function.